پیدایی فرامتنی: مطالعۀ موردی پانویس‌های مترجمان ایرانی در داستان‌های ترجمه شده از انگلیسی به فارسی
چکیده
در طی چند سال اخیر، محققان مسیر تحقیق را به سمت جدید و نویدبخشی هدایت کرده‌اند که در آن پیدایی مترجمان از نقطه‌نظر فرامتن‌ها مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد تا خود ترجمه‌ها. از این طریق، نقش و جایگاه اساسی مترجمان به عنوان عاملانی کلیدی در فرایند ترجمه آشکار می‌شود. این مقاله پیدایی فرامتنی مترجمان ایرانی را در حیطه ترجمه داستان با بررسی پانویس‌های آنان مورد مطالعه قرار می‌دهد، تا وجود نظرات شخصی مترجمان و استدلال‌های آن‌ها برای انتخاب یک تکینیک ترجمه‌ای خاص آشکار شود. این تحلیل شامل پانویس‌های 300 داستان ترجمه شده از انگلیسی به فارسی می‌باشد. تحلیلی داده‌ها به تقسیم پانویس‌ها به پنج گروه انجامید: «حرف‌نگاری»، «توضیحی-حرف‌نگاری»، «توضیحی»، «ترجمه‌ای»، «ارجاعی». شمار اندکی از پانویس‌ها مرتبط با ترجمه بودند که عمدتا معادل‌های بین-زبانی صرف را دربرمی‌گرفتند. بطور کلی این مقاله نشان داد که اگرچه پانویس‌ها می‌توانند جایگاهی باارزش برای انعکاس حضور مترجم باشند، اما مترجمان ایرانی تمایل چندانی به بحث درمورد فرایند ترجمه و چالش‌های آن نشان نمی‌دهند.
کلمات راهنما:
پیدایی, فرامتن, پانویس, مترجمان داستانمراجع
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Venuti, L.(ed.) (1992). Rethinking translation: discourse, subjectivity, ideology. London & NewYork: Routledge.
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Yuste Frías J. (2012). “Paratextual elements in translation: Paratranslating Titles in Children’s Literature”. In Translation Peripheries: Paratextual Elements in Translation, edited by Anna Gil-Bardají, Pilar Orero and Sara Rovira-Esteva, 117–34. Bern: Peter Lang.
Arbabi, M., Fischthal, S. M., CHENG, V.C., and Bart, E. (1994). Algorithms for Arabic name
transliteration. IBM J. Res. Develop., 38(2).
Batchelor, K. (2018). Translation and paratext. New York: Routledge Publication.
Bolouri, M. (2017). “The Translator’s agency in footnotes and notes of contemporary Iranian literary translators”. IQBQ. 2018; 8 (6): 191–214. URL: http://journals.modares.ac.ir/article-14-6415-en.html.
Chesterman, A. (2009). The Name and nature of translator studies. Hermes: Journal of Language and Communication Studies 42, 19.
Christie, A. (1936). The A. B. C murders (Ghasa, M. Trans.) Collins crime club.
Clarke. A. (1997). The final odyssey (Esmaeilian, P. Trans.). Voyager.
Dam, Helle V. and Karen Korning Zethsen. (2009). “A study on factors affecting the perception of translator status”. Journal of Specialized Translation 12:7.
Genette, G. (1997). Paratexts. thresholds of interpretation. Trans. Jane E. Lewin. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, pp. xx–12.
Giannossa, L. A. (2010). Paratextual analysis of I Promessi Sposi. CATS (Canadian Association for Translation Studies) Website, February.
Hermann, H. (1973). The prodigy. (Baghaei, M. Trans.). Penguin.
Hilton, J. (1934). Goodbye Mr. Chips. (Mokala, E. Trans.). London: Hodder and Stoughton.
Keene, K. (1930). The hidden staircase. (Ghiasi Nejad, H. Trans.). Grosset & Dunlap.
Koskinen, K. (2000). Beyond ambivalence: Postmodernity and the ethics of translation. Unpublished PhD thesis. Tampere: University of Tampere.
Landers, C. E. (2001). Literary translation. A practical guide. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Latour, B. (1987). Science in action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP.
Lehtio, L. (2008). Functions of footnotes a study of Susanna Clarke’s Jonathan Strange and Mr Norrell. Thesis. Toukokuu: University of Tampere.
Lopes, A. (2012). “Under the sign of Janus: Reflections on authorship as liminality in translated literature”. Revista Anglo Saxonica 3: 130–131.
Maloney, E. (2005). Footnotes in fiction: A rhetorical approach. Dissertation. Columbus: The Ohio State University. pp. 29–43.
McRae, E. (2006). The role of translators’ prefaces to contemporary literary translations into English. Unpublished Master Thesis, University of Auckland. Last accessed March 1, 2012, from https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/handle/2292/5972.
Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of translation. New York: Prentice Hall.
Orwell, J. (1939). Coming up for air. (Rostamijam, M. Trans.). Victor Gollancz.
Paloposki, O. (2010). The Translator’s footprints, in T. Kinnunen & K. Koskinen (Eds.), Translators’ Agency, Tampere: Tampere University Press, pp. 87–105.
Sanchez Ortiz, M. T. (2015). The use of footnotes in literary translation. FORUM: International Journal of Interpretation and Translation, 13(1), 111–129.
Simmons, Claire A. (1997). ‘Annotating a text: Literary theory and electronic hypertext’, in Electronic Text: Investigations in Method and Theory, ed. by Kathryn Sutherland (Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Tahir-Gürçağlar, Ş. (2002). “What texts don’t tell: The uses of paratexts in translation research”. In Crosscultural Transgressions. Research Models in Translation Studies 2: Historical and Ideological Issues, edited by Theo Hermans, 46. Manchester: St Jerome.
Tahir-Gürçağlar, Ş. (2013). “Agency in allographic prefaces to translated works: An initial exploration of the Turkish context”. In Authorial and Editorial Voices in Translation 2: Editorial and Publishing Practices, by Hanne Jansen and Anna Wegener, 91. Quebec: Editions québécoises de l’oeuvre.
Toledano-Buendía, C. (2013). Listening to the voice of the translator: A description of translator’s notes as paratextual elements. Translation & Interpreting, 5(2), p. 158.
Venuti, L. (1995). The translator’s invisibility: A history of translation. London: Routledge.
Venuti, L.(ed.) (1992). Rethinking translation: discourse, subjectivity, ideology. London & NewYork: Routledge.
Voynich, E. (1897). The Gadfly. (Homayounfar, Kh. Trans.). H. Holt.
Yuste Frías J. (2012). “Paratextual elements in translation: Paratranslating Titles in Children’s Literature”. In Translation Peripheries: Paratextual Elements in Translation, edited by Anna Gil-Bardají, Pilar Orero and Sara Rovira-Esteva, 117–34. Bern: Peter Lang.
چاپ‌شده
2019-07-06
ارجاع به مقاله
یاری آ., امیریان ز., & امیریوسفی م. (2019). پیدایی فرامتنی: مطالعۀ موردی پانویس‌های مترجمان ایرانی در داستان‌های ترجمه شده از انگلیسی به فارسی. فصلنامه مطالعات ترجمه ایران, 17(65), 37–53. Retrieved از https://www.journal.translationstudies.ir/ts/article/view/701
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مقاله علمی-پژوهشی
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Copyright Licensee: Iranian Journal of Translation Studies. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 license).
